:root{--paper:#f6f4ee;--ink:#283d3b;--muted:#707875;--line:#d9dcd4;--accent:#a05240;--sage:#e5ebe3;--serif:"Songti SC","Noto Serif CJK SC","STSong",serif;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"PingFang SC",sans-serif;color:var(--ink);background:var(--paper);font-synthesis:none;scroll-behavior:smooth}
*{box-sizing:border-box}body{margin:0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.8;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}a{color:inherit;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:5px}a:hover{color:var(--accent)}a:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:5px}h1,h2,h3,p{margin:0}h1,h2,h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:500}em{font-style:normal;color:var(--accent)}.skip-link{position:absolute;top:-100px;left:15px;padding:10px;background:white;z-index:9}.skip-link:focus{top:10px}.reading-nav{min-height:90px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;padding:20px 5%;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.wordmark{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:20px;text-decoration:none;line-height:1.4}.wordmark span{display:block;font:9px/1.6 sans-serif;letter-spacing:2.5px;margin-top:5px;color:var(--muted)}.reading-nav nav{display:flex;gap:30px;font-size:13px}.reading-nav nav a{text-decoration:none}.index-hero,.guide-directory,.editorial-note,.article-shell{width:min(1160px,90%);margin-inline:auto}.index-hero{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.35fr 1fr;gap:80px;align-items:center;padding:78px 0 86px}.eyebrow{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:2.3px;color:var(--accent);font-weight:600;line-height:1.6}.index-hero h1{font-size:clamp(34px,3.9vw,53px);line-height:1.48;letter-spacing:-1px;margin:22px 0 23px}.hero-copy{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:17px;line-height:1.95;color:var(--muted)}.text-link{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:35px;font-size:13px;margin-top:28px}.hero-note{position:relative;isolation:isolate;overflow:hidden;min-height:338px;background:var(--sage);border:1px solid #d5ded2;padding:42px 32px;box-shadow:8px 8px 0 #ecece3}.note-number{position:absolute;right:25px;top:-6px;font:155px/1.2 var(--serif);color:#bdc9bc;opacity:.45;z-index:-1}.small-label{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1px;color:var(--muted)}.hero-note h2{font-size:27px;line-height:1.65;margin:20px 0 16px}.hero-note>p:not(.small-label){font-size:13px;line-height:1.9;color:var(--muted)}.hero-note a{display:inline-block;margin-top:24px;font-size:12px}.orbit{position:absolute;z-index:-1;width:190px;height:190px;border:1px solid #cbd6ca;border-radius:50%;right:-65px;bottom:-85px}.orbit-two{width:250px;height:250px;right:-94px;bottom:-114px}.section-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;align-items:end;margin-bottom:30px}.section-heading h2{font-size:27px;line-height:1.5;margin-top:9px}.section-heading>p,.section-heading>a{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.guide-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-left:1px solid var(--line)}.guide-card{padding:29px 28px 25px;display:block;border-right:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);text-decoration:none;background:rgba(255,255,255,.22);transition:background .2s}.guide-card:hover{background:#fffdf7;color:var(--ink)}.card-meta{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1px;color:var(--accent)}.card-meta>span{font-size:17px;line-height:1}.guide-card h3{font-size:24px;line-height:1.55;min-height:76px;margin-top:23px}.guide-card>p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--muted);min-height:44px;margin-top:9px}.thought-line{display:flex;align-items:start;gap:0;margin:28px 0;color:var(--muted)}.thought-line>span{position:relative;flex:1;font-size:11px;text-align:center;line-height:1.7}.thought-line>span:before{content:"";position:absolute;left:50%;right:-50%;top:14px;height:1px;background:var(--line);z-index:0}.thought-line>span:last-child:before{display:none}.thought-line i{position:relative;z-index:1;display:block;width:29px;height:29px;margin:0 auto 8px;border:1px solid #bdc8bf;border-radius:50%;background:var(--paper);font-style:normal;font-size:10px;line-height:27px}.read-link{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-size:12px;margin-top:24px}.editorial-note{padding:52px 0 68px;margin-top:54px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 2fr;gap:12px 60px}.editorial-note h2{font-size:26px;grid-column:1}.editorial-note>p:not(.eyebrow){grid-column:2;font-size:13px;line-height:2}.editorial-note>p:nth-of-type(2){grid-row:1/3}.muted{color:var(--muted);font-size:12px}.reading-footer{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:24px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:30px 5%;font-size:12px}.reading-footer p{color:var(--muted);font-family:var(--serif);font-size:15px}.breadcrumb{display:flex;gap:12px;font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);margin:28px 0}.article-heading{max-width:850px;margin:46px auto 28px;text-align:center}.article-heading h1{font-size:clamp(29px,3.3vw,45px);line-height:1.5;margin:22px 0}.article-lead{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:19px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.95;max-width:750px;margin:auto}.byline{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:23px}.byline span{margin:0 10px}.article-shell>.thought-line{max-width:650px;margin:35px auto 55px}.article-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:220px minmax(0,740px);gap:55px}.reading-toc{align-self:start;position:sticky;top:30px;padding-top:8px}.reading-toc p{margin-bottom:17px}.reading-toc a{display:block;font-size:12px;line-height:1.8;text-decoration:none;padding:9px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.article-body{min-width:0}.article-body section{scroll-margin-top:25px}.article-body section+section{margin-top:40px}.answer-box{border-left:3px solid var(--accent);padding:22px 27px;background:#ecefe7;margin-bottom:40px}.answer-box>p+p{margin-top:12px;font-family:var(--serif);font-size:21px;line-height:1.85}.article-body h2{font-size:27px;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:18px}.article-body h2>span{display:inline-block;font:11px/1.4 sans-serif;letter-spacing:1px;color:var(--accent);vertical-align:middle;margin-right:16px}.article-body section>p:not(.small-label,.eyebrow,.muted){margin:14px 0;line-height:2}.comparison{margin:22px 0 15px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.comparison>div{display:grid;grid-template-columns:140px 1fr;gap:25px;padding:19px 15px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}dt{font-weight:600;font-size:14px}dd{margin:0;font-size:14px;color:#56615b;line-height:1.9}.article-body .section-refs{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.8}.section-refs a{display:inline-block}.reading-caution{padding:20px 0 20px 20px;border-left:1px solid #bfa087;margin:35px 0;font-size:14px;color:#76664f}.reading-caution strong{font-size:12px;font-weight:600}.reading-caution p{margin-top:7px;line-height:1.9}.practice{background:#e8e7dc;padding:30px;margin-top:40px}.practice h2{margin:14px 0 8px}.practice>span{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted)}.map-bridge{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:28px}.map-bridge h2{margin-top:10px}.map-bridge>p{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted)}.person-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px;margin-top:20px}.person-links a{padding:11px 17px;border:1px solid #8d9a90;text-decoration:none;font-size:13px}.person-links span{margin-left:14px}.sources{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:30px}.sources h2{font-size:24px}.sources>p{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.sources ol{padding-left:23px}.sources li{font-size:13px;margin-bottom:22px;padding-left:5px;scroll-margin-top:25px}.sources li>span{display:block;font-size:10px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:4px}.sources li>p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--muted);margin-top:4px}.related{margin:65px 0}.related .guide-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.related .guide-card h3{min-height:0}
@media(max-width:900px){.index-hero{gap:35px;padding:55px 0}.index-hero h1{font-size:36px}.hero-note{padding:30px 24px}.guide-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.article-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:25px}.reading-toc{position:static;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px 18px;padding-bottom:20px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.reading-toc p{width:100%;margin-bottom:5px}.reading-toc a{border:0;padding:2px 0}.article-body{max-width:740px;margin:auto}.editorial-note{gap:16px 30px}}
@media(max-width:600px){.reading-nav{padding:16px 6%;min-height:90px;align-items:start;gap:16px}.wordmark{font-size:17px;white-space:nowrap}.wordmark span{font-size:8px;letter-spacing:1.5px}.reading-nav nav{gap:5px 16px;justify-content:flex-end;flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:11px;max-width:170px}.reading-nav nav a{min-height:26px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center}.index-hero,.guide-directory,.editorial-note,.article-shell{width:88%}.index-hero{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:34px;padding:39px 0 46px}.eyebrow{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:1.6px}.index-hero h1{font-size:33px;margin:19px 0;letter-spacing:-.7px}.hero-copy{font-size:15px}.hero-note{min-height:270px;padding:28px}.hero-note h2{font-size:24px;margin-top:13px}.section-heading{display:block;margin-bottom:22px}.section-heading h2{font-size:25px}.section-heading>p{margin-top:10px;font-size:11px}.guide-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.guide-card{padding:26px}.guide-card h3{font-size:25px;min-height:0;margin-top:18px}.guide-card>p{min-height:0}.guide-card .thought-line{margin-top:23px;margin-bottom:20px}.editorial-note{display:block;margin-top:38px;padding:35px 0 45px}.editorial-note h2{font-size:25px;margin:15px 0}.editorial-note>p:not(.eyebrow){margin-top:15px}.reading-footer{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:15px;padding:25px 6%}.reading-footer p{order:3;width:100%;font-size:13px}.breadcrumb{margin:22px 0}.article-heading{text-align:left;margin-top:30px}.article-heading h1{font-size:32px;margin:18px 0}.article-lead{font-size:17px}.byline{font-size:10px}.byline span{margin:0 5px}.article-shell>.thought-line{margin-bottom:35px}.reading-toc{gap:6px 18px}.reading-toc a{font-size:11px}.article-body h2{font-size:24px}.article-body p{font-size:15px}.answer-box{padding:20px}.answer-box>p+p{font-size:19px}.comparison>div{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:6px;padding:17px 5px}.comparison dd{font-size:14px}.practice{padding:24px}.practice h2{font-size:25px}.related .guide-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.related{margin:45px 0}.related .section-heading>a{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px}.sources li>a{overflow-wrap:anywhere}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){:root{scroll-behavior:auto}.guide-card{transition:none}}
@media print{.reading-nav,.reading-footer,.reading-toc,.related,.skip-link{display:none}.article-layout{display:block}.article-shell{width:100%}.article-heading{margin-top:0}.article-body{max-width:none}.sources a{overflow-wrap:anywhere}body{background:white;color:#111}}

[hidden]{display:none!important}
.commerce-shell{width:min(920px,88%);margin:65px auto 80px}.commerce-shell h1{font-size:clamp(32px,4vw,48px);line-height:1.5;margin:22px 0}.commerce-shell h2,.access-panel h2{font-size:27px;margin:12px 0 18px}.commerce-shell p{margin:14px 0}.access-narrow{max-width:630px}.access-panel{padding:32px;background:#eeeee5;border:1px solid var(--line);margin:32px 0}.access-panel p{line-height:1.95}.access-panel ol,.access-panel ul{padding-left:22px;margin:20px 0}.access-panel li{margin:9px 0}.access-actions{display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:24px 0}.reading-button,button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:12px 22px;background:var(--ink);color:white;border:1px solid var(--ink);border-radius:2px;font:inherit;font-size:14px;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;min-height:44px}.reading-button:hover,button:hover{background:#455e58;color:white}button:disabled{background:#dedfd6;border-color:#dedfd6;color:#70766c;cursor:not-allowed}button:focus-visible,input:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:3px}.preview-notice{padding:14px 20px;border-left:3px solid #a47c54;background:#f0e8dc;font-size:13px;margin:24px 0}.purchase-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:40px;border-block:1px solid var(--line);padding:36px 0;margin:30px 0}.purchase-grid p{font-size:14px}.access-panel label{display:block;font-size:13px;margin:15px 0 8px}.access-panel input{display:block;width:100%;min-width:0;font:inherit;padding:13px 14px;border:1px solid #aab3a8;background:#faf9f4;color:var(--ink);margin-bottom:20px;box-sizing:border-box}.access-panel input[type=number]{max-width:150px}#access-message,#admin-message{color:#a05240;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.code-row{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:22px 0}.code-row h3{font-size:23px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.code-row p{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.code-row button{background:transparent;color:var(--ink);padding:8px 14px;margin:8px 12px 0 0;font-size:12px}.locked-page{max-width:800px;margin-bottom:70px}.locked-page .sources{margin:45px 0}.locked-page .article-heading{margin-bottom:32px}#issued-code{font-family:monospace;font-size:13px}.membership-note{width:min(1160px,90%);margin:0 auto 35px;padding:16px 20px;border-left:2px solid var(--accent);background:#eeeee5;font-size:13px}
@media(max-width:600px){.commerce-shell{margin-top:38px}.access-panel{padding:23px}.purchase-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:28px}.commerce-shell h1{font-size:32px}.access-panel h2{font-size:24px}.access-actions{gap:17px}.reading-nav nav{max-width:190px}.membership-note{width:88%}.reading-nav{gap:10px}.locked-page .article-heading h1{font-size:30px}}

/* A short interruption, with the article still visible behind it. */
.reading-modal-open{overflow:hidden;scroll-behavior:auto}
.reading-modal-open body{position:fixed;top:var(--reading-scroll-top);width:100%;overflow:hidden}
.reading-unlock{width:min(640px,calc(100% - 40px));max-width:none;max-height:calc(100dvh - 48px);margin:auto;padding:0;border:1px solid #dadbd1;border-radius:12px;background:#faf9f4;color:var(--ink);box-shadow:0 28px 100px #14252038;overflow:auto;overscroll-behavior:contain;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.7}
.reading-unlock::backdrop{background:rgb(25 37 33 / .43)}
.unlock-toolbar{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:1;background:#faf9f4;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:12px 20px 10px 32px;border-bottom:1px solid #e6e6de}
.unlock-toolbar .eyebrow{font-size:.625rem;color:#82513f}
.unlock-toolbar button{background:transparent;color:var(--ink);border-color:transparent;gap:10px;padding:8px 12px;font-size:.8125rem;min-width:74px;flex-shrink:0;border-radius:5px}
.unlock-toolbar button:hover{background:#edece5}
.unlock-toolbar button span{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1}
.unlock-content{padding:24px 32px 20px}
.unlock-content h2{font-size:2rem;line-height:1.5;outline:none;letter-spacing:-.025em}
.unlock-content header>p{margin-top:8px;color:#5b6660;font-size:.9375rem}
.unlock-edition{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:5px 16px;margin:24px 0 20px;padding-bottom:20px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);font-size:.875rem}
.unlock-edition strong{font-weight:600}
.unlock-edition>span{color:#5b6660}
.unlock-edition p{width:100%;font-size:.8125rem;color:#5b6660}
.unlock-contact{padding:20px 22px;background:#edf0e8;border:1px solid #dbe2d5;border-radius:6px}
.unlock-contact-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.unlock-contact h3,#unlock-form h3{font-family:inherit;font-size:1rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.6}
.unlock-contact-heading span{font-size:.6875rem;letter-spacing:.04em;color:#52614f;border:1px solid #b5c0af;border-radius:3px;padding:2px 7px}
.unlock-contact>p{font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.8;margin-top:8px;color:#52604f}
.unlock-contact button{margin-top:14px;font-size:.875rem;border-radius:4px;width:100%;background:var(--ink);border-color:var(--ink);color:#fff}
.unlock-contact button:hover{background:#455e58}
.unlock-contact button:disabled{background:#dce2d5;border-color:#cbd5c3;color:#52604f}
#unlock-wechat-message:empty{display:none}
#unlock-wechat-manual{width:100%;min-width:0;margin-top:10px;padding:10px 12px;border:1px solid #9da99d;border-radius:4px;font:inherit;font-size:1rem;color:var(--ink);background:#fffefb}
.unlock-contact .unlock-notice{font-size:.8125rem;color:#88503b;margin-top:11px}
.unlock-content .unlock-small{font-size:.75rem;color:#5d665e;line-height:1.8}
.unlock-contact .unlock-small{margin-top:2px}
#unlock-form{margin-top:24px;min-width:0}
.unlock-label{display:block;font-size:.75rem;color:#5d665e;margin:12px 0 6px}
.unlock-input-row{display:flex;gap:8px;align-items:stretch;flex-wrap:wrap}
.unlock-input-row input{flex:1 1 230px;min-width:0;width:100%;min-height:48px;padding:12px 14px;border:1px solid #9da99d;border-radius:4px;background:#fffefb;color:var(--ink);font:inherit;font-size:1rem;box-sizing:border-box}
.unlock-input-row input::placeholder{color:#687269;font-size:.875rem}
.unlock-input-row input[aria-invalid=true]{border-color:#a05240}
.unlock-input-row button{gap:15px;border-radius:4px;font-size:.875rem;flex:1 0 auto;min-height:48px;padding:12px 20px}
#unlock-message{font-size:.8125rem;line-height:1.7;color:#914c37;overflow-wrap:anywhere;margin-top:8px}
#unlock-message:empty{display:none}
#unlock-help{margin-top:9px}
.unlock-footnote{margin-top:22px;text-align:center;font-size:.75rem;color:#626c65}
@media(max-width:600px){
  .reading-unlock{width:100%;max-height:calc(100dvh - 24px);margin:auto 0 0;border-radius:16px 16px 0 0;border-bottom:0}
  .unlock-toolbar{padding:10px 14px 8px 24px}
  .unlock-content{padding:20px 24px max(20px,env(safe-area-inset-bottom))}
  .unlock-content h2{font-size:1.6875rem}
  .unlock-edition{margin:18px 0 16px;padding-bottom:16px}
  .unlock-contact{padding:16px 18px}
  #unlock-form{margin-top:20px}
  .unlock-input-row input{flex-basis:100%}
  .unlock-input-row button{width:100%}
  .unlock-footnote{margin-top:18px}
}
@media print{.reading-unlock{display:none!important}}